I thought there might be some interest in knowing how people who were in both the 1st and 5th Congresses voted on the Alien and Sedition Acts. This actually consists of four distinct acts, and I chose to focus on An Act concerning Aliens (the second of the four acts).
The short answer is: Federalists voted for it, and Democratic-Republicans voted against it.
If I'm reading the House and Senate Journals correctly, the relevant legislative history is as follows:
The bill passed by a vote of 17-6 (GovTrack reports this as 16-7 for some reason). Of the 12 members of the 1st US Congress who were senators in the 5th US Congress, two (John Henry and John Vining) had resigned well before the summer of 1798, and four (James Gunn, John Langdon, Philip Schuyler, and Theodore Sedgwick) did not vote on the bill. The remainder voted on straight party lines:
* Affirmative: Theodore Foster, Benjamin Goodhue, John Laurance, Samuel Livermore. (Federalists)
* Negative: Timothy Bloodworth, John Brown. (Democratic-Republicans)
The bill passed by a vote of 46-40. Of the 9 members of the 1st US Congress who were representatives in the 5th US Congress, one (William L. Smith) had already resigned at the time the bill was considered, and two others (Thomas Hartley and Josiah Parker) did not vote. The remainder voted as follows:
* Affirmative: Abiel Foster, James Schureman, Thomas Sinnickson, George Thatcher. (Federalists)
* Negative: Abraham Baldwin, Thomas Sumter. (Democratic-Republicans)
Either there was no vote here, or the yays and nays were not requested. The Senate Journal just says that they took into consideration the amendments and resolved that they concur in the amendments.
Thanks for the details! The party line vote makes sense - the Democratic-Republicans believed the bills were targeted at them. I did not know the specific composition of the first Congress and the fifth Congress; that's good to know.
The short answer is: Federalists voted for it, and Democratic-Republicans voted against it.
If I'm reading the House and Senate Journals correctly, the relevant legislative history is as follows:
1. 1798-06-08: The Senate approves the bill. https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsj&fileName=0... https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/5-2/s99
The bill passed by a vote of 17-6 (GovTrack reports this as 16-7 for some reason). Of the 12 members of the 1st US Congress who were senators in the 5th US Congress, two (John Henry and John Vining) had resigned well before the summer of 1798, and four (James Gunn, John Langdon, Philip Schuyler, and Theodore Sedgwick) did not vote on the bill. The remainder voted on straight party lines:
* Affirmative: Theodore Foster, Benjamin Goodhue, John Laurance, Samuel Livermore. (Federalists)
* Negative: Timothy Bloodworth, John Brown. (Democratic-Republicans)
2. 1798-06-21: The House approves the bill, with amendments. https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llhj&fileName=0... https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/5-2/h90
The bill passed by a vote of 46-40. Of the 9 members of the 1st US Congress who were representatives in the 5th US Congress, one (William L. Smith) had already resigned at the time the bill was considered, and two others (Thomas Hartley and Josiah Parker) did not vote. The remainder voted as follows:
* Affirmative: Abiel Foster, James Schureman, Thomas Sinnickson, George Thatcher. (Federalists)
* Negative: Abraham Baldwin, Thomas Sumter. (Democratic-Republicans)
3. 1798-06-22: The Senate concurs in the amendments. https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsj&fileName=0...):%230020505&linkText=1
Either there was no vote here, or the yays and nays were not requested. The Senate Journal just says that they took into consideration the amendments and resolved that they concur in the amendments.